Fitness-Tip: Getting less than 6-hours of sleep spikes cortisol (one
of the big three fat inducing hormones along with Leptin and Ghrelin)
which inhibits oxygen uptake by up to 15%. A warm bath 1-hour prior to
bead helps you to fall asleep faster according to University of
Loughborough researchers.
Cortisol: Cortisol (hydrocortisone) is a steroid hormone, more
specifically a glucocorticoid, produced by the zona fasciculata of the
adrenal gland. It is released in response to stress and a low level of
blood glucocorticoids. Its primary functions are to increase blood
sugar through gluconeogenesis; suppress the immune system; and aid in
fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. Cortisol has been termed the
"stress hormone" because excess cortisol is secreted during times of
physical or psychological stress, and the normal pattern of cortisol
secretion (with levels highest in the early morning and lowest at
night) can be altered. This disruption of cortisol secretion may not
only promote weight gain, but it can also affect where you put on the
weight.
Ghrelin: Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide and hormone that is
produced mainly by P/D1 cells lining the fundus of the human stomach
and epsilon cells of the pancreas that stimulates hunger. Ghrelin
levels increase before meals and decrease after meals. It is
considered the counterpart of the hormone leptin, produced by adipose
tissue, which induces satiation when present at higher levels. In some
bariatric procedures, the level of ghrelin is reduced in patients,
thus causing satiation before it would normally occur.
Leptin: Leptin meaning thin) is a protein hormone that plays a key
role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including
appetite and metabolism. It is one of the most important adipose
derived hormones.
Scott, Elizabeth (22 September 2011). "Cortisol and Stress: How
Cortisol Affects Your Body, and How To Stay Healthy in the Face of
Stress". Stress.about.com. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
Inui A, Asakawa A, Bowers CY, et al. (2004). "Ghrelin, appetite, and
gastric motility: the emerging role of the stomach as an endocrine
organ". FASEB J. 18 (3): 439–56. doi:10.1096/fj.03-0641rev. PMID
15003990.
Brennan AM, Mantzoros CS (June 2006). "Drug Insight: the role of
leptin in human physiology and pathophysiology--emerging clinical
applications". Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2 (6): 318–327.
doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0196. PMID 16932309.
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